Sternum

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Sternum Pronunciation: Ster-num (stûr′nəm)

Definition: The sternum, or breastbone, is a long, flat bone located in the center of the chest. It connects to the ribs via cartilage and forms the front of the rib cage, thus helping to protect the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels from physical trauma.

What is the Sternum?

Overview:

The sternum is an important component of the human skeletal system. It serves as the attachment point for the clavicles (collarbones) and the first seven pairs of ribs. Its position in the center of the chest helps shield vital organs from injury.

Key Facts about the Sternum:

The sternum is composed of three parts: the manubrium (upper part), the body (middle and largest part), and the xiphoid process (small, thin, lower part).

It plays a crucial role in respiration, acting as a pivot point allowing the ribs to move as we breathe in and out.

During CPR, chest compressions are performed on the lower half of the sternum to pump blood and maintain circulation.

The Role of the Sternum in Human Body

Protection and support

The sternum, in combination with the rib cage, provides protection for many vital organs, including the heart, lungs, and great vessels.

Respiration

The sternum and ribs form a flexible cage that expands and contracts during respiration, enabling the lungs to fill and empty.

Frequently Asked Questions About the Sternum

Why is the sternum important in CPR?

During CPR, chest compressions are given on the lower half of the sternum. These compressions help to pump the heart, circulating blood to the brain and other vital organs.

What is the function of the sternum?

The primary function of the sternum is to provide protection for the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels. It also serves as the attachment point for the first seven pairs of ribs and the clavicles, aiding in the process of respiration.

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